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Laboratory values are usually based upon normograms ...

Laboratory values are usually based upon normograms which indicate sub-therapeutic, therapeutic, and supra-therapeutic. Sub-therapeutic defines deficiency and supra-therapeutic defines toxicity. Toxicity has been suggested to be an increased risk of oncogenic potential in the past. In the PATH Medical population, it has been noted that patients (e.g., pro basketball players) with pituitary tumors can have elevated IGF-1 levels above 900 without supplementation and to date have not demonstrated any increase in the development of adenomas. Major medical textbooks have stated that specific tumors, such as prostate, kidney and breast may elevate the levels of IGF-1, however, when the elevation arises from the pituitary there is no association with an increase in tumors. A large survey of patients with acromegaly revealed no increase in malignant neoplasms. Notable is that growth hormone is fairly similar in composition and structure to insulin and diabetics are known to take insulin for 20-40 years with an increase incidence in adenomas or other tumors.

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